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Dikpalas (or dikpalakas) are the Guardians of the Directions, the Vedic deities who rule the specific directions of space.
Each god is the protector (ruler) of the territories facing one of the cardinal directions or one of the four intermediate directions, plus two extra directions being zenith and nadir.
Kubera | North | Wealth |
Yama | South | Judge of the Dead |
Indra | East | |
Varuna | West | |
Ishana | Northeast | The culmination of both knowledge and wealth |
Agni | Southeast | The Fire |
Vayu | Northwest | The Wind |
Nirrti | Southwest | Deathly hidden realms and sorrows |
Brahma | Zenith | |
Vishnu | Nadir |
With time, some Vedic gods progressively lost their position in favour of the Hindu deities, notably Vishnu and Shiva. Vishnu became the uncontested ruler of the west, while Shiva occupied the north-east or the east in certain Hindu traditions.
Interestingly, in the Angkor temples built by Jayavarman VII, Shiva is found on the northern axis.
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Receive occasional letters from my studio in Siem Reap—offering a glimpse into my creative process, early access to new fine art prints, field notes from the temples of Angkor, exhibition announcements, and reflections on beauty, impermanence, and the spirit of place.
No noise. No clutter. Just quiet inspiration, delivered gently.
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